Table of Contents
BOOK I
The Education of the Architect 5
The Fundamental Principles of Architecture 13
The Departments of Architecture 16
The Site of a City 17
The City Walls 21
The Sites for Public Buildings 31
BOOK II
Introduction 35
The Origin of the Dwelling House 38
Brick 42
Sand 44
Lime 45
Stone 49
Timber 58
Highland and Lowland Fir 64
BOOK III
Classification of Temples 75
The Proportions of Intercolumniations and of Columns 78
The Foundations and Substructures of Temples 86
BOOK IV
The Cella and Pronaos 114
The Doorways of Temples 117
Circular Temples and Other Varieties
BOOK V
The Forum and Basilica 131
The Treasury, Prison, and Senate House 137
The Theatre: its Site, Foundations, and Acoustics 137
Harmonics 139
Sounding Vessels in the Theatre 143
Plan of the Theatre 146
Colonnades and Walks 154
Baths 157
The Palaestra 159
Harbours, Breakwaters, and Shipyards 162
BOOK VI
Proportions of the Principal Rooms 176
The Proper Exposures of the Different Rooms 180
BOOK VII
Floors 202
The Slaking of Lime for Stucco 204
Vaultings and Stucco Work 205
The Decadence of Fresco Painting 210
Natural Colours 214
Cinnabar and Quicksilver 215
Cinnabar 216
Artificial Colours. Black 217
Blue. Burnt Ochre 218
White Lead, Verdigris, and Artificial Sandarach 219
Purple 219
Substitutes for Purple, Yellow Ochre, Malachite Green, and Indigo 220
BOOK VIII
Rainwater 229
Various Properties of Different Waters 232
Tests of Good Water 242
Levelling and Levelling Instruments 242
Aqueducts, Wells, and Cisterns 244
BOOK IX
The Phases of the Moon 262
The Northern Constellations 265
The Southern Constellations 267
Astrology and Weather Prognostics 269
The Analemma and its Applications 270
Sundials and Water Clocks 273
BOOK X
Machines and Implements 283
Hoisting Machines 285
The Elements of Motion 290
Water Wheels and Water Mills 294
The Water Screw 295
The Pump of Ctesibius 297
The Water Organ 299
The Hodometer 301
Catapults or Scorpiones
Ballistae 305
The Stringing and Tuning of Catapults 308
Siege Machines 309
The Tortoise 311
Hegetor’s Tortoise 312
Measures of Defence 315
Quotations
“As for men upon whom blank" >nature has bestowed so much ingenuity, acuteness, and memory that they are able to have a thorough target="_blank" >glossary/knowledge/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="52bd80258fa6ffc44cf2e76a11305ddf" target="_blank" >knowledge of geometry, astronomy, music, and the other arts, they go beyond the functions of architects and become pure mathematicians. Hence they can readily take-up/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="77ee534ea93f48383adf0cf961cbcc01" target="_blank" >take-up-2/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="e0f559ce878212e4d97bc2308e43a96a" target="_blank" >take up positions against those arts because many are the artistic weapons with which they are armed.”
“Neither natural ability without instruction nor instruction without natural ability can make the perfect artist.”
“No work can be rightly done without honesty and incorruptibility. Let him not be grasping nor have his mind preoccupied with the idea of receiving perquisites, but let him with dignity keep up his position by cherishing a good reputation.”
“Those terms which originate in the peculiar needs of the art, give rise to obscurity of ideas from the unusual nature of the language. Hence, while the things themselves are not well known, and their names not in common use, if besides this the principles are described in a very diffuse fashion without any attempt at conciseness and explanation in a few pellucid sentences, such fullness and amplitude of treatment will be only a hindrance, and will give the reader nothing but indefinite notions.”
“Those, therefore, who from tender years receive instruction in the various forms of learning, recognize the same stamp on all the arts, and an intercourse between all studies, and so they more readily comprehend them all.”
Glossary
- block-list">
- leaf/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="630ca2834bcc879422f34840eed78120" target="_blank" >acanthus-leaves/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="35cc12b281594664ddc132ea43cf6651" target="_blank" >acanthus leaves
- accommodations
- accompaniment
- Achaea
- achievements
- acid springs of Lyncestus
- acid springs of Velian country
- acid waters
- acoustics of the site of a theatre
- Acropolis of Athens
- acroteria
- addition
- Adriatic
- adulteration of cinnabar
- advocates
- aediles
- Aequians
- aeruca
- Aeschylus
- Aetna
- Africa
- Africus
- Agatharcus
- age
- Agesistratus
- agger
- agnus-castus/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="140835a0f6c7e2226fbfb3f9ab893635" target="_blank" >agnus castus
- agnus castus tree
- agnus castus trees
- air-pressure/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="1154086af0cfa0db3baa89ceca0d56f1" target="_blank" >air pressure
- air shafts
- Alabanda
- Alabandines
- alae
- alarm
- Alban hills
- Albula
- alder
- alders
- Alexander
- Alexandria
- Alexandrine architect
- Alexis
- Alps
- Altanus
- altar of Vesta
- altars
- altars of Jupiter
- box/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="176b15699bb73ce00db987bcd60d2e74" target="_blank" >altar-shaped box
- altino
- alum
- aluminous springs
- Amaxopodes
- amenable to instruction
- Amiternum
- Ammon
- amphiprostyle
- amphithalamos
- amphitheatres
- amussium
- Amyntas
- analemma
- analogy of nature
- anaphoric
- anaphoric dial
- Anaxagoras
- Anaxagoras of Clazomenae
- ancient ancestral law
- ancient architects
- ancient carpenters
- ancient quarries
- ancient wall of brick
- ancients’ scheme for vaultings
- ancona
- Andreas
- Andromeda
- andron
- Andron of Ephesus
- andrones
- Andronicus of Cyrrhus
- angobatae
- Anician
- anisocycli
- anointing room
- antae
- antefix
- ante-chamber/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="7bf0c562f3dc1f44e7d526b24bae2f48" target="_blank" >antechamber/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="365c5295cb4f67ff9312bc5bb2392fb3" target="_blank" >anteroom
- anti-base
- Antiborean
- Antimachides
- Antiochus
- Antipater
- Antistates
- anularian chalk
- Apaturius
- Apaturius of Alabanda
- Apelles
- Apennines
- aperture
- apertures
- apodyteria
- apodyterium
- Apollo
- Apollo at Delphi
- Apollonia
- Apollonius
- Apollonius of Perga
- apportionment of building sites
- apportionment of house lots
- Aquarius
- aqueducts
- Aquileia
- Aquilo
- Arabia
- Arachne
- Aradus
- araeostyle-temples/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="c1e377849351327fbce9fd164cb6a578" target="_blank" >araeostyle temples
- araeostyles
- Aratus
- arbitrators
- arc
- Arcadia
- Arcady
- Arcesius
- arched substructures
- Archer
- arches with voussoirs
- Archimedes
- Archinapolus
- archings composed of voussoirs with joints radiating to the centre
- architect
- architect’s design
- architectural order
- architectural treatises
- architecture
- architrave
- architraves
- Archytas
- Archytas of Tarentum
- Arcturus
- Ardea
- Arevanias
- Arezzo
- Argestes
- Argo
- Argolis
- Argos
- Aries
- Ariobarzanes
- Aristarchus
- Aristarchus of Samos
- Aristides
- Aristippus
- Aristomenes of Thasos
- Aristophanes
- Aristophanes Grammaticus
- Aristotle
- Aristoxenus
- arithmetic
- Armenian blue
- arms
- aromatic
- arrangement
- arrangement of columns/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="ed0b86a754e5c9b68d6b1e93e27225ab" target="_blank" >Ionic order
- arrangement of metopes in Doric temples
- arrangement of the cella
- arrangement of the forum
- arrangement of the pronaos
- arrangement of triglyphs
- arrangements of Ionic temples
- arrangements of temples
- arrangements of the colonnades
- Arrow
- Arsinoe
- Artemisia
- Artemon
- articulate
- artificial colours
- artillery
- artistic excellence
- artistic talent
- ascending rows of seats
- Asia Minor
- asphalt
- asphaltic soil
- asphaltic springs
- assafoetida
- assafoetida grown in Cyrene
- Astansoba
- Astoboa
- astragals
- astrologers
- astrology
- astronomers
- astronomy
- Athenian architect
- Athenian law
- Athenian silver mines
- Athenians
- Athens
- Athens on the Areopagus
- atlantides
- atlas
- atrium
- atriums
- attached to the wall
- Attalus
- doorways/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="9707a50ec5cfb659e0fdc8ff6cada623" target="_blank" >Attic doorways
- Attic honey
- style-base/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="481b071ef1245182cd58933f2be397f8" target="_blank" >Attic style base
- Attic yellow-ochre/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="37454ac49cb670ccd257916e75490305" target="_blank" >yellow ochre
- auger
- Aurès
- authority
- automatic contrivances
- autumn
- Aventine
- axles
- axle-tree
- Babylon
- Bacchus
- background
- backing-up/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="7e28aecea4cffed6bb3fe202a70e6fd1" target="_blank" >backing up
- backstays
- bad judges of poor art
- bag room
- Baiae
- bakeries
- bakery
- Balance
- balanced circle
- balconies
- balconies in forum
- Baldus
- Balearic Islands
- Balearic Islands of Spain
- Balearic Isles
- ballista
- ballistae
- bankers’ offices
- barbarian costume
- barbarians
- Barbaro
- barefoot
- barn
- barns
- baseplates
- bases
- basilica
- Basilica at Fano
- Basilica of Vitruvius at Fano
- basilicas
- bath basin
- bath basins
- bathrooms
- bathrooms of farmhouse
- baths
- baths of farmhouse
- batter down the wall
- battering ram
- battle of Plataea
- battles at Troy
- beak iron plates
- beak of hard iron
- Bear Warden
- bearings of lintels
- Beast
- beating with rods
- beauty
- beauty of proportion
- bed of mortar
- bedding
- bedrooms
- beech
- bench
- Berosus
- Berosus the Chaldean
- Bertano
- bevelled edges
- bilberry
- bilbery
- binding power
- Bird
- birds
- black
- black earth
- black pavement
- black poplar
- blacksmiths’ bellows
- blisters
- block of pulleys
- blocks and pulleys
- blue
- blue block
- blue wax
- bluish shade
- boarding
- boasting
- Boedas of Byzantium
- Boeotia
- boiling hot-springs/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="e126dfd97a27ab8a1b1a67dadf86db02" target="_blank" >hot springs
- boiling springs
- boiling springs at Hierapolis
- bond stones
- BOOK I
- BOOK II
- BOOK III
- BOOK IV
- BOOK IX
- BOOK V
- BOOK VI
- BOOK VII
- BOOK VIII
- BOOK X
- bookcases
- booty
- borer
- boss
- bosses in the stylobate
- bottom range
- boundary line
- Bowl
- box
- boxes
- branches of study
- brazen vessels
- flutes/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="8ff6b72a1632e2cda3b44af3b00ecedf" target="_blank" >breadth of the flutes
- break-joints/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="88da8a5a33b2824b6821e61e30281646" target="_blank" >break joints
- breakwaters
- breezes of early morning
- brick
- brick or stone walls
- brick walls
- bricks
- brick-work
- bridge-piles
- bridgings
- bright
- broken-stone/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="00b30449b0014fdf5703bce245a9717a" target="_blank" >broken stone
- bronze buckets
- bronze cauldron
- bronze cauldrons
- bronze disc
- bronze dolphins
- bronze drum
- bronze gnomon
- bronze pins and nails
- bronze plates
- bronze rods
- bronze statues
- bronze vessels
- bronze workers
- bronze-founding
- Bruma
- Bryaxis
- bucket-pump
- Bug
- build a town
- build an army post
- build buttresses
- build counterforts
- build walls two feet thick
- builders
- building
- material/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="f7760408bbd516ef133a7ec5a97bdddc" target="_blank" >building material
- materials/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="9f1422484a87e9f7949127f899f34cc0" target="_blank" >building materials
- building space
- buildings yet to be constructed
- built to last forever
- Bull
- bull’s hoof
- burnt brick
- burnt brick coating
- Burnt District
- burnt ochre
- burnt-ochre
- business quarters
- busts of ancestors
- buttresses
- Byzantium
- Cadiz
- Caecias
- Caecuban
- Caesar
- Caius Julius
- caldarium
- calendars
- Callaeschrus
- Callias
- Callias of Aradus
- Callimachus
- Callippus
- Campania
- Campus Cornetus
- canal
- Cancer
- candelabra supporting representations of shrines
- canon of water organ
- canonical theory
- Canopus
- Capitol
- Cappadocia
- Capricornus
- capstan
- Carbas
- carbuncular sand
- Caria
- carians
- carpenter’s square
- carpenter’s trade
- carpenter’s work
- carpion
- carriages
- Carthage
- Carthaginians
- carts
- caryae
- caryatides
- Casius
- Cassiopea
- casting nativities
- casting of bronze
- Catacecaumenites
- catapultae
- catapults
- cataract of Nile
- Catheti
- cattle
- Caucasus
- Caurus
- cavaedia
- cavaedium
- caves on mountain sides
- caving in
- cedar
- cedar-oil
- ceiling
- ceilings of baths
- cella
- cella of Ceres and Proserpine
- cella of circular temple
- cella wall
- cellae of temple of Hercules
- cellae of temple of Jupiter
- celtica
- Censer
- Centaur
- centaurs supporting the architraves
- central tank
- Cepheus
- Cephisus
- Ceres
- chains
- Chalcedon
- Chaldean learning
- Chaldeans
- Chaldees
- chambers
- channelled
- channels
- charcoal
- Charias
- Charioteer
- charred alder
- olive-wood/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="55c55548567c07c2c9c0065921a99fb4" target="_blank" >charred olive wood
- charred stakes
- cheek-pieces/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="391aee99aa15a2411c4f9ea3f372d314" target="_blank" >cheeks
- chelonium
- Chersiphron
- Chersiphron and Metagenes
- Chersiphron of Gnosus
- Chians
- chickens
- Chio
- Chion of Corinth
- Chionides
- Chios
- chips and mud
- choice of building sites
- chorobates
- Chrobs in Thrace
- chromatic
- chromatic mode
- Cibdeli
- Cicero
- Cilbian
- Cilbian country
- Cilicia
- cinnabar
- cinnabar mines of Spain
- Circias
- circle
- circuit
- circuits
- circular form
- circular temple at Tivoli
- circular temples
- waves/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="8fc3564ab6bf6c439624a0f1ec6dcafd" target="_blank" >circular waves
- circumference
- circumference of earth
- circumference of the earth
- circumference of the tympanum
- circumference of the wheel
- circumsonant
- Circus Flaminius
- circus-maximus/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="3c244d3bbbb740743b3a0a99436a7082" target="_blank" >Circus Maximus
- Cisterns
- citadel
- citrus wood
- city
- city wall
- city walls
- citysite
- clamped
- clamps
- classification of temples
- classification of temples according to arrangements of colonnades
- classification of temples according to intercolumniation
- clay
- clay in wicker baskets
- clay kneaded with hair
- clay mixed with hair
- Clazomenae
- Clazomenians
- clear
- clear fir
- clear weather
- clearstock
- clearstock of fir
- Cleitor
- climate
- climates
- climatic conditions
- Clitor
- close-at-hand/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="d4a6c35a50b7d1baef0fd500375684d0" target="_blank" >close at hand
- close texture
- closed apartments
- close-grained stone
- coarse grained gravel
- coarse grained gravelly clay
- coating of lime and sand
- cock
- cofferdam
- coffered ceiling
- coffered ceilings
- coffered ceilings of woodwork
- Colchians in Pontus
- colchis
- cold bath room
- cold countries
- cold washing room
- cold water
- Colline Gate
- colonies
- colonnade of Themistocles
- colonnades
- colonnades at Athens
- colonnades at tralles
- colonnades of Eumenes
- colonnades of Pompey
- colophon
- colossal statue of Apollo
- colours
- colours how applied to stucco
- colours manufactured from flowers
- columns
- columns in basilicas
- columns in colonnades
- columns in dipteral arrangement
- columns in forums
- columns of basilicas
- comb-like-arrangement/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="777f9738648f64b03f56b80a764bc273" target="_blank" >comb-like arrangement
- comfort
- comic style
- command
- commentaries on perspective by Agatharcus
- commentaries on perspective by Anaxagoras
- commentaries on perspective by Democritus
- common
- common bond
- common oak
- common rafters
- common rooms
- commonwealth
- compasses
- compression of the air
- Conarachne
- concealed harbour
- concentric circles
- conception
- concords
- concords in music
- concrete-flooring/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="e8983b5832578dd5e0d19dffa59e8b03" target="_blank" >concrete flooring
- concrete floors
- concrete structures
- conducting of water
- conduit
- conduits
- cone
- confined space
- conglomerate
- conical plinthium
- consistency of mortar for stucco work
- consonancies in music
- consonant
- constellations
- construct the vaulting
- construction of buildings
- construction of temples
- construction of towers
- construction of water clocks
- construction of water screw
- consumptives
- continuous voice
- contract
- contractor
- convenience
- convenient rivers
- conversation
- cooling off
- coping
- copper
- copper mines
- cord made of Spanish broom
- Corinth
- Corinthian
- capital/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="85a05d4513cbdd75269d3b0a4613d06e" target="_blank" >Corinthian capital
- Corinthian capital of vitruvius
- capitals/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="0aa56a0cf8f75d0a1dff667fb413161c" target="_blank" >Corinthian capitals
- Corinthian cavaedium
- Corinthian columns
- Corinthian oeci
- Corinthian order
- Corinthian order appropriate to Venus
- Corinthian proportions
- Corinthian style
- Corinthian temples
- Corinthian vase
- cork
- corn
- corn weevil
- Cornelius Gnaeus
- bead/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="578cb1a0f618c79c0949cc78c076b63f" target="_blank" >corner columns
- corner posts
- corners of the fillets
- cornice-like projection
- cornices
- cornices revival-residences/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="016ef09eae634beddcd0b3442b599848" target="_blank" >ornamented with lions’ heads
- corona
- coronae
- correct note
- corridor
- Corus
- Cos
- Cossutius
- cost-of-buildings/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="705ca13ca84b44255078512e7a90ecb0" target="_blank" >cost of buildings
- cost to build
- Cottius
- council of heaven
- counterforts
- Countermines
- counterpoise
- counterpoise of sand
- country estates
- country produce
- courage
- courage dependent on climate
- course of projectiles
- course of sun through the twelve signs
- course of the sun
- courses of the stars
- court
- court for fermentation of wine
- courteous
- courtyards
- cover with reeds and brushwood
- covered drains
- covered running tracks
- covered wine rooms
- covered with boards
- cowl
- Crab
- cracks in the floor
- crane
- cranes
- Crathis
- Crete
- Creusa
- cribs
- crocodile
- Croesus
- cross girdles
- cross walls
- cross-aisles
- cross-aisles in Greek theatre
- cross-aisles in theatre
- crossbars
- crossbeams
- crossbeams and struts
- crosspieces
- crosspieces of the table
- Crown
- crude brick
- crypts
- Ctesibius
- Ctesibius the Alexandrian
- cube
- cubes
- cubic feet
- cubical boxes
- cubit
- Cumae
- Cumaeans
- cunei
- cunei in theatre
- curia
- current of the river
- curvature
- curved course
- curved dome
- curved stylobate of the Parthenon
- curves of Greek Doric buildings
- cushion
- cushion-shaped
- cut-slabs-out-of-old-walls/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="16ae9a342c0e849b35cd523730184779" target="_blank" >cut slabs out of old walls
- cut slips
- Cutiliae
- Cyclades
- Cydnus
- cyma
- cymatia
- cymatium
- cymatiumare
- cymbal-shaped valves
- cypress
- Cyrene
- Cyzicene
- Cyzicene dining rooms
- cyzicene-oeci/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="83679e1e7994537e350f227c5827fffa" target="_blank" >Cyzicene oeci
- Cyzicene picture galleries
- Daphnis of Miletus
- Darius
- daughters of Proteus
- dead weight
- decadence of fresco-painting/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="bb97de6dbf9c45bf5179311c5e38d7ff" target="_blank" >fresco painting
- decay
- decoration
- decorations of peristyle
- decorations of theatre
- decorations of walls
- deep ditches
- defects
- defence measures for walls
- defense
- defensive works
- deficiency
- definite rules
- definition of universe
- workmanship/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="1e57c12aa2dc8fc70e7c6491f0bf525b" target="_blank" >delicacy of workmanship
- Delos
- Delphi
- Delphic Apollo
- Demetrius
- Demetrius of Phalerum
- Demetrius Poliorcetes
- Democles
- Democritus
- Democritus of Abdera
- Demophilus
- Denarius
- dentils
- departments of architecture
- descents
- describe a circle
- description of steelyard
- design
- design of a temple
- destructive creatures
- Diades
- Diades and Charias
- diagonal structure
- diagrams of winds
- dialling
- dials
- diameter
- diameter and height-of/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="c51beacf3114bff45040b47abcbb1412" target="_blank" >height of columns
- Diana
- diastyle
- diastyle buildings
- diastyle temples
- diatonic
- diatonic mode
- Dichalca
- die of the stylobate
- dies
- dies brumales
- diesis
- dig
- dig wells
- digging mines
- dimension-stone/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="3abb2e509a01832ab28ec1c94b15bce1" target="_blank" >dimension stone
- dimensions of moveable towers
- dimensions of seats in theatre
- dimensions of theatre
- diminution
- diminution in the top of a column
- diminution in top of column
- diminution in top of Corinthian columns
- diminution of columns
- dining couches
- dining room
- dining rooms
- Dinocrates
- Diognetus
- Diomede
- Dionysodorus
- Dioptra
- dioptrae
- dip
- Diphilus
- dipteral
- dipteral temple
- direction of the sunrise
- directions of streets
- dirt
- disagreeable force of the winds
- discharge the load
- fire/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="a46f56eea5b5e251e4630b9a6de1fb5b" target="_blank" >discovery of fire
- displuviate-cavaedium/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="f31db3d6b65c55034e4d38d49eb9c7a6" target="_blank" >displuviate cavaedium
- dissonant
- distinction between Corinthian and Egyptian oeci
- distribution tank
- ditches
- diversity of their works
- divine intelligence
- division
- Dnieper
- Dog
- Dolphin
- Don
- doorkeepers’ rooms
- doors in theatres
- doors of dwellings
- doors of temples
- doorway
- doorways
- doorways of Ionic order
- doorways of temples
- Doric
- Doric buildings
- Doric capitals
- Doric column
- Doric columns
- Doric cymantium
- Doric flutes of columns
- Doric order
- Doric order appropriate to Hercules
- Doric proportions
- Doric style
- Doric systyle temples
- Doric temple
- Doric temple of Juno
- Doric temple of Juno in Samos
- Doric temple of Minerva
- Doric temples
- Dorus
- double colonnade
- double doors
- double iron chain
- double octave
- double wall
- dovecot
- dovecotes
- dove-tailed
- dove-tailed tenons
- dovetails
- dowels
- downward slant
- Drachma
- draining process
- draught motif/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="ebbd7d146a69787bf4f34c4e03465134" target="_blank" >animals
- drawing up contracts
- dredged
- drench
- dried violets
- drum
- drum with a single tooth
- drums
- dry and clean
- dry spot
- dry uniformly
- durability
- durable
- dust room
- dwellings of the gods
- dyer’s weed
- Dyris
- Dyrrachium
- Eagle
- ear
- early types of house
- earth
- earthen jar
- earthen pipes
- earthen ramparts
- earthenware
- earth-work
- east
- eastern quarter of the sky
- eaves
- eaves sloping downwards
- Echea
- echelons impairs
- egg-and-dart-2/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="92d8348e8bc745ab99ae055c3c4b479d" target="_blank" >echinus
- Echo
- economy
- educatged man
- education of the architect
- education of Vitruvius
- effect
- effervescence of the heat
- effigies
- efflorescence
- eggs
- Egypt
- Egyptian oeci
- eight winds
- eight-inch bricks
- elegant
- elegant style
- element
- elements of motion
- Elephantis
- Eleusis
- elevation
- elm
- Elpias of Rhodes
- embankments
- embellished
- embossments on the stylobates
- embroiderers’ work rooms
- empedocles
- Emperor
- employer
- emporium
- enclosed air
- enclosed place
- enclosing walls
- enclosure
- end
- ends of beams
- engaged
- engines
- enharmonic
- enharmonic mode
- enlargement made at the middle of columns
- Ennius
- enriched
- entasis
- entrance courts
- hall/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="b0b91eb90752be910225965f8afec4d8" target="_blank" >entrance hall
- entrances
- entrances to the stage
- entrances to theatre
- eolipiles
- Ephesian Daphnis
- Ephesus
- Epicharmus
- Epicurus
- Epimachus
- equilateral triangles
- equilibrium
- equinoctial gnomon
- equinox
- Eratosthenes
- Eratosthenes of Cyrene
- Erechtheum at Athens
- Erythrae
- Erythraeans
- established practices
- estimate
- Etesiae
- Ethiopia
- Etruria
- Etruscan diviners
- Eucrates
- Euctemon
- Eudoxus
- Euphranor
- Euphrates
- Euripides
- Eurocircias
- Eurus
- eurythmy
- eustyle
- eustyle temples
- Evangelus
- Evening Star
- exact square
- exact symmetrical relations
- excavation
- excellence
- excess
- exedra
- exedrae
- existing buildings
- explanation of lever
- exposure
- exposure proper for rooms
- exposure to fire
- exposures
- finish/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="b7fc4184b5bfaa02ddf6636d8f6eb38f" target="_blank" >exterior columns
- Faberius
- face
- face the river banks
- face to face
- facings
- Falernian
- Faliscan country
- false appearance
- false impressions
- false judgment
- fame
- fame of athletes
- fane of Father Bacchus
- fane of Mars
- fane of Mercury
- fane of Venus
- fanes
- Fano basilica at Falernian
- farm wagons
- farmhouses
- fascia
- fascia of Attic doorway
- fastened boards
- Father Bacchus
- fauces
- faultless wall
- Faunus temple on the Island of the Tiber
- Favonius
- felled trees
- Ferento
- fern
- festivals
- festoons of fruit
- Fidenae
- figure
- figures of the gods
- filling of ditches
- fine entrance courts
- fine gravel
- finer coat
- finger
- finis
- fir
- fire
- fire-darts
- firmament
- piece/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="ce876b4f6da9fa82d5de873b586ebaf5" target="_blank" >fish
- fish pond
- Fishes
- fissures in the stone
- five-classes-of-temples/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="7909d83683d95388590b1af0dd4fa69c" target="_blank" >five classes of temples
- styles-of-cavaedium/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="34880c1dceadb5358b7bf532744b0aa8" target="_blank" >five different styles of cavaedium
- five tetrachords
- fixed quarters of the sky
- Flaminius circus
- flat coffered ceilings
- flat style
- fleece of wool
- fleeces of wool
- flexible bronze chain
- flight-of-steps/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="8183e0c84727574e6b73b3efb41aff0c" target="_blank" >flight of steps
- flights of steps
- flint
- floatboards
- flocks
- floors
- floors of baths
- Flora temple of Corinthian order
- flos
- flowers
- flowers of natron
- flush
- fluted appendages with curly leaves and volutes instead of pediments
- flutes
- flutes of columns
- fly-nails
- folding doors
- folds for goats
- folds for sheep
- foliage
- Fondi
- food
- food stuffs
- foot
- foot equals four palms
- foot equals sixteen fingers
- force of fire
- forestays
- forked stakes connected by twigs
- form a curve
- form of mixture
- fortification
- fortified
- fortified place
- fortified towns
- fortress
- fortune
- forum
- Forum at Pompeii
- Forum at Timgad
- forum columns
- foundation
- foundation of pillars
- foundation walls
- foundations
- foundations of houses
- foundations of temples
- foundations of theatre
- founding towns
- fountain of muses
- fountains
- four colonnades of equal height
- four elements
- four winds
- four-horse chariots
- Fra Giocondo
- framework
- framing
- frankincense
- fraud
- free from defects
- French School at Athens
- fresco painters
- fresco painting
- fresco paintings
- fresh pitsand
- fresh undried bricks
- Friedrich Adler
- frieze
- frieze adorned with sculptures
- frieze of the entablature
- friezes
- frigidarium
- front porticoes
- fruit of the olive
- fruit trees
- fruits
- Fuficius
- fulcrum
- fuller
- function of the architect
- function of the art
- functions of architecture
- fundamental principles of architecture
- funeral pyre
- furnace
- furnace room
- furring strips
- gables
- Gaius Mucius
- Galiani
- gallery
- Gallic marshes
- Gallicus
- gang of men
- Ganges
- gangs
- gather materials
- gathering of men
- Gaul
- Gemini
- general scheme
- general utility
- Genius
- geometrical figures
- geometrical methods
- geometrical theories
- geometricians
- geometry
- Geras
- Geras of Chalcedon
- gigs
- gilded
- gilding
- girdled
- gladiatorial shows
- glue
- Gnaeus Cornelius
- gnomon
- Gnosus
- golden crown
- good harbour
- good morals
- good roads
- good service
- Gorgon’s head
- Gortyna
- grain
- grain of wood
- grain rooms
- grammarian
- granaries
- grand style
- great age
- bear/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="adc31a7167a0cb0815acfc7d07df93e9" target="_blank" >Great Bear
- great men
- great public buildings
- Greater Bear
- Greater Dog
- Grecian Station
- Greek construction
- Greek houses
- Greek method of making floors
- Greek reed
- Greek reeds
- Greek stucco-workers
- Greek theatres
- Greek weights
- Greeks forums
- green
- green boughs
- green chalk
- Grotta Rossa
- ground level
- plan/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="05544f4fc22873d0722d34ed48a68ad7" target="_blank" >ground-plan-2/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="c1b2c99e5ae3e262981dba19cf03277e" target="_blank" >ground plan
- groundplan
- grounds
- groves
- guest chambers
- guests’ apartments
- guttae
- gymnasia
- gymnasium
- gynaeconitis
- gypsum
- Hadrian’s Villa at Tivoli
- hair
- half-bricks
- half-circle
- Halicarnassus
- hand’s breadth
- handle
- handspikes
- handspikes and windlasses
- hanging flooring
- hanging floors
- Harbinger of the Vintage
- harbours
- Hare
- harmonics
- harmony of the stars
- hay
- healing properties of hot springs
- health
- health in time of peace
- healthfulness
- healthfulness of the future
- healthy places
- healthy site
- heart
- heat
- heavy-bodied springs
- Hegesias
- Hegetor of Byzantium
- Hegetor’s Ram
- Hegetor’s Tortoise
- goat/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="dbaf4ac52a638abba42684127e9318e5" target="_blank" >He-Goat
- height
- height of knowledge
- height of lintels
- height of podium of theatre
- height of the podium
- height of the substructure
- helepolis
- Helepolis of Epimachus
- Hellas
- hellen
- helm
- hemisphere
- Heraclea
- Heraclitus
- Heraclitus of Ephesus
- Hercules
- Hermogenes
- Herodotus
- bone/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="8120630b1e5dfdf1a4ae0c862012f978" target="_blank" >herring-bone pattern
- hewn
- hexachord
- hexagons
- Hierapolis in Phrygia
- Hiero
- high ground
- high mounds of earth
- high polish
- high towers
- higher key
- highest division
- highland fir
- high-tensioned
- Himera
- hinge-stiles/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="84286f163a4e843c37bb013c985e0f6e" target="_blank" >hinge-stiles
- Hipparchus
- Hippocrates
- hippopotamuses
- history
- hodometer
- hoe
- hoisting machines
- holes in the frames
- hollow
- hollow of a flute
- holm oak
- holy ground of architecture
- Homer
- Homeromastix
- honest
- honey
- hooked tiles
- hopper
- horizon
- horizontal curvature of the stylobate
- horizontal distance
- horizontal drum
- horizontal furring strips
- horizontal range
- horn
- hornbeam
- Horse
- hot bath rooms
- hot baths
- hot countries
- hot springs
- hot water cauldron
- hot winds
- hours
- house in town
- House of Alae
- House of Croesus
- House of Croesus at Sardis
- House of the Vettii at Pompeii
- houses with foundations
- hovels with roofs of rushes
- how the temple should face
- how to find water
- huge cella
- body/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="cc84af8d8ef01750c8109a419dfd7e8e" target="_blank" >human body
- human life
- human nature
- humidity
- hut of Romulus
- hut of Romulus on Capitol
- hypaethral
- hypaethral temple
- Hypanis
- hypate hypaton
- hypate meson
- hypatès
- Hysginum
- I
- Ichneumons
- Ictinus
- Ictinus and Carpion
- Iliad
- Iliad and Odyssey
- Ilium
- ill health
- ill-flavoured springs
- immortal gods
- immortal life
- imposing front doors
- impost mouldings
- inanimate things
- incertum-opus/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="4e9872ecb82dabfa5ea8ca42d2742a77" target="_blank" >incertum opus
- inclination
- inclination of the heaven
- inclined
- increase
- incrustation of stone
- India
- India ink
- indigo
- Indus
- industry
- inexperienced persons
- infinite solidity
- influence of moisture
- inner foundation
- inner sides
- inner strip
- inside walls
- intelligence
- intercolumniations
- intercolumniations of peristyles
- intercourse
- interior
- interior space
- intermediate parapet
- intersecting arcs
- intervals
- intoxicating springs of Paphlagonia
- invention
- inverted bowl
- inverted funnel
- Iollas
- Ion
- Ionia
- Ionic
- Ionic base
- Ionic bases
- Ionic capitals
- Ionic fane of Minerva
- Ionic order
- Ionic order according to Vitruvius
- Ionic order appropriate to Bacchus
- Ionic order appropriate to Juno
- Ionic style doorways
- Ionic temple at Ephesus
- Ionic temple of Aesculapius at Tralles
- Ionic temple of Diana at Magnesia
- Ionic temples
- Ionic usages
- iron arcs
- iron bars
- iron bolts
- iron clamps
- iron elbows
- iron handle
- iron hooks
- iron hoops
- iron jacks
- iron lever
- iron mortars
- iron nails
- iron plate
- iron plates
- iron tools
- iron vessel
- iron-pointed beam
- Isis
- island of Cos
- island of Zea
- Ismuc
- isodomum
- Isthmian games
- Italy
- ivy
- Jaffa
- joiner’s work
- joints
- joints of the pipes
- judgement
- Julius Caesar
- Julius Caiusson of Masinissa
- juniper
- juniper tree
- Juno
- Juno precinct at Argolis
- Jupiter
- Jupiter temple on Island of the Tiber
- just
- kettles
- Kids
- kiln
- kind of material to be used
- kinds of learning
- kinds of pitsand
- kinds of wood
- King Antiochus
- King Ariobarzanes
- King Demetrius
- King Juba
- kings
- kings of the house of Attalus
- kitchen
- kitchen fire
- Kneeler
- knotwood
- know much history
- knowledge
- knowledge of drawing
- knowledge of medicine
- Lacedaemonians
- laconicum
- lacunar
- lacunaria
- ladder
- ladders
- laid level with the ground
- Lake Asphaltitis
- Lake Heptabolus
- Lake Heptagonus
- Lake Mazaca
- Lake of Bolsena
- land-animals/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="662b807f494ea56aac6ce856615919aa" target="_blank" >land animals
- landscape backgrounds
- landscapes
- Laodiceans
- larch
- large square rooms
- Larignum
- last forever
- latch
- Latin language
- Latrina
- burl/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="5c7f5b1f174185fc49a72c5df7144e04" target="_blank" >laurel
- laurels forever green
- lava in courses
- lava quarries
- law governing architects at Ephesus
- law of modular-proportion/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="cb60bcabe62bf5fb71cfa7c86b3f6bf7" target="_blank" >modular proportion
- laws of music
- laws of symmetry
- lay the foundations for the towers and walls
- laying it true
- laying out of public places
- laying out of streets and alleys
- laying their stones level
- layman
- laymen
- lead
- lead pipes poisonous
- leaded iron gudgeons
- leaden ball
- leaves
- leaves and mud
- Lebedos
- lees of wine
- Lelegans
- Lemnos
- length of a temple
- length of shadow of gnomon at Alexandria
- length of shadow of gnomon at Athens
- length of shadow of gnomon at Rhodes
- length of shadow of gnomon at Rome
- length of shadow of gnomon at Tarentum
- length of the windlass
- Leo
- Leochares
- Leonidas
- Lesbos
- Lesser Bear
- let stone lie exposed
- Leuconotus
- level
- level of the earth
- level of the seashore
- level of the stage
- level plane
- level space
- levelling
- levelling instrument
- levelling instruments
- lever man
- levers
- levers and a beam
- liberal education
- Libonotus
- Libra
- libraries
- Library at Alexandria
- Library at Pergamus
- lichanos
- lichanos hypaton
- lichanos meson
- Licymnius
- life
- light
- light in buildings
- lighting of room
- lime
- lime and oil
- lime for stucco
- lime of porous stone
- limestone
- linden
- line of circumference
- line of wall
- linen cloth
- lines of division
- lines of houses
- lintel beams
- lintels
- lintels and beams
- Lion
- Liparis
- liquid asphalt
- liquid pitch
- literary men
- little channels
- Little Dog
- little Dolphin
- liver examined to determine site of towns
- load of the walls
- location of prison
- location of Senate house
- location of treasury
- lofty entrance courts
- logeum
- Logotomus
- logs
- longitudinal lines
- look of a building
- loom
- lowland fir
- low-tensioned
- lozenges
- Lucania
- Lucius Mummius
- Lucretius
- lumps of dried mud
- lumps of myrrh
- lunar month
- lux
- luxuries
- luxurious
- Lydia
- Lyncestus
- Lyre
- Lysippus
- Macedonia
- machine
- machinery
- machinery for the festivals
- machines
- machines for defence
- madder root
- Maeonia
- magi
- magistrate
- Magnesia
- magnitude
- main beams
- making plans for buildings
- malachite green
- Mamertine
- man’s pleasure
- manly beauty
- manual skill
- marble
- marble amussium
- marble chips
- marble for use in stucco
- marble powdered for stucco work
- marble-workers
- Marcian
- Marcus Aurelius
- Marcus Hostilius
- marginal walls
- Marian temple of Honour and Valour
- marine shellfish
- marines
- Marius’ temple of Honour and Valour
- mark
- Mars
- Mars temple
- Marseilles
- marshes
- marshy districts
- marshy lakes
- Masinissa
- masonry between the outer walls
- mast
- master of Athens
- material for walls
- mathematical theories
- mathematical theory
- Mauffras
- Maurusia
- mausoleum
- Mausoleum of Halicarnassus
- Mausolus
- Mazaca
- measures of defense
- mechanicians
- mechanics
- medicine
- medium second coat
- Medulli
- meetings
- Melampus
- Melas
- Melas of Argos
- Melassa
- Melian white
- Melite
- Melos
- memory
- men
- men of old
- men of rank
- men’s apartments
- men’s bath
- men’s dinner parties
- Menaeus
- Mercury
- meridian
- Meroë
- Mesauloe
- mese
- Mesolabe
- Metagenes
- method of construction
- methods of conducting water
- methods of finding water
- Meto
- metope
- metopes
- Metrodorus
- middle columns
- middle flooring
- middle intercolumniations
- middle of the city
- middle post
- middle range
- Miletus
- mills
- millstone
- Milo of Croton
- Minerva
- mines of the Ephesians
- mists
- misty vapours
- Mithridates
- moat
- model of a wall
- modern quarry
- modes of music
- modifications of symmetry to suit site
- module
- moist winds and breezes
- moisture
- moment
- money-lenders
- monopteral
- monotriglyphic
- monstrosities
- monument
- moon
- star/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="6a0fbfffaa250da3f40dedf979988baf" target="_blank" >Morning Star
- mortar
- mortar bed
- mortar of burnt brick
- mortar trough
- mortised
- mortised beams
- mortised crossbeam
- moss
- motion
- motions
- mouldings for stucco work
- mountain springs
- mountains
- mounting-block
- moveable towers
- Mt. Athos
- Mt. Soracte
- Mt. Vesuvius
- Mucius
- mud and twigs
- mud roof
- multiplication
- Muses
- music
- music hall
- musical harmony
- musical scale
- musical science
- mutules
- mutules of Tuscan temples
- Myager the Phocaean
- Myron
- Mysia
- mythological episodes
- Mytilene
- Myus
- nail it down
- nail shafts transverse
- nail shafts vertical
- nailed on
- naked
- names of notes
- names of winds
- natural colours
- natural hillock
- natural laws
- natural philosophy
- natural pressure of the air
- natural strength
- naturally gifted
- nature
- nature of the site
- natures of birds, fishes, and land animals
- naval arsenal
- naval arsenal at Peiraeus
- neighbour’s wall
- neighbourhood
- Nemean games
- nests of swallows
- nete diezeugmenon
- nete hyperbolaeon
- nete synhemmenon
- netès
- new moon
- new taste
- Nexaris
- Nile
- nivelettes inégales
- nomads
- Nonacris
- north
- north-eastern exposure
- northern constellations
- northern exposure
- Northern Fish
- noxious exhalations
- nozzle
- nucleus
- numerical value
- Nymphodorus
- Nymphs temple of Corinthian order
- oak
- oak in floors
- oak shingles
- oaken stakes
- oars
- oarsmen
- object
- oblong
- oblong peristyle
- oblong rooms
- obols
- observing
- obstruction
- obtuse angles
- octachord
- octastyle
- Odyssey
- oeci
- official building
- oil room
- oil-dregs
- old roofing tiles
- Old Salpia in Apulia
- olive
- Olympian games
- open air
- open apartments
- open sea
- open sky
- open springs
- opening through
- opening your compasses
- opinions of the jurists
- optics
- opulent
- opus incertum
- opus reticulatum
- signinum/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="f71b21c287cc5e5443af6677ffde9b80" target="_blank" >opus signinum
- oracle
- orchestra
- orchestra of Greek theatre
- order
- Order appropriate to temples
- Order of the mausoleum at halicarnassus
- Orders of columns
- ore like
- organ
- organ pipes
- orientation of cities with reference to winds
- orientation of streets
- orientation of temples
- origin of acanthus pattern
- origin of Corinthian order
- origin of different orders
- origin of fire
- origin of house
- origin of language
- origin of triglyphs
- original compositions
- origins of civilization
- Orion
- ornamental parts
- ornamented the coronae and gables
- ornaments
- ornaments of the orders
- Ornithiae
- orpiment
- Ostrum
- other arts
- other gods
- outer foundation
- outer side of the wall
- outlets of springs
- overhanging pediments
- oxen
- Paconius
- Paeonius
- Paeonius of Ephesus
- Paeonius the Milesian
- painted scenery
- painters of antiquity
- painters’ studios
- paintings on brick walls at Sparta
- pair of trees
- palace of brick at Tralles
- palaestra
- palaestrae
- Palla
- Pallastone quarries at Palaestra
- palm
- palms and crowns
- panels
- panels above the dadoes
- panels of doors
- Panionion
- Panionion Apollo
- Paphlagonia
- paraetonium
- paraetonium white
- parallel line
- paramese
- paranete diezeugmenon
- paranete hyperbolaeon
- paranete synhemmenon
- paranetès
- parapet
- parapet and battlements of boards
- parapet of theatre
- parapets
- Parhypate
- parhypate hypaton
- parhypate meson
- Parmenio
- Paros
- Parthenon
- partitions of rubble-work/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="b4612663d4c60b8127dc6249edb249c5" target="_blank" >rubble work
- party walls
- passages
- passage-ways
- pastas
- pasturage
- patrascellae of temple built of brick
- Patrocles
- Pausanias
- Pausaniasson of Agesipolis
- peaks daubed with mud
- pearls
- pebbly clay
- pediment
- pediments with overhanging returns
- Peiraeus
- Peisistratus
- Pelecinum
- pencil
- Penne
- pentaspast
- peperino
- pepper berries
- perfect buildings
- perfect harmony
- perfect number
- perfection
- Pergamus
- peripteral
- peripteral temple
- peripterals
- peristyle
- peristyles
- Peritreti
- permanent durability
- perpendicular
- Perrault
- Perseus
- Persian kingdom
- Persian Porch
- persians
- Persians statues of Persian Porch
- personal appearance of Vitruvius
- personal knowledge
- perspective
- Pesaro
- Phaethon of Euripides
- Pharax of Ephesus
- phases of moon
- Phasis
- Phidias
- Philadelphus
- Philander
- Philip
- Philip son of Amyntas
- Philippus
- Philo
- Philo of Byzantium
- Philolaus and Archytas of Tarentum
- Philolaus of Tarentum
- Philologian
- philosophers
- philosophy
- Phocaea
- Phrygia
- Phrygians
- Phthia
- physicists
- physics
- Piacenza
- Picenum
- picture
- picture galleries
- piers
- piers of stone
- pilasters
- piles of alder
- piles of oak
- piles of olive
- pine
- pipes
- Pisces
- piscina
- pitch
- pitch of voice determined by climate
- pitch pine
- pitsand
- Pixodorus
- place
- plan
- plan of Greek theatre
- plan of Roman theatre
- plan of the Basilica at Pompeii
- plane trees
- planets
- plank-flooring/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="d6cfced8de92f3b159abb5c2160d1c5a" target="_blank" >plank flooring
- planks
- planning
- plantations
- plastic-art/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="d6e17accd15b7ab641badd2d7ff832ac" target="_blank" >plastic art
- Plataea
- plates of copper
- frame/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="a264fd4a462aa2af526b8cf3f279e443" target="_blank" >platform
- Plato
- plays
- Pleiades
- plenty
- plenty of room
- Plinthium
- plinths
- ploughs
- plumb
- plumblines
- plummet
- pneumatic principles
- Po
- podium
- Poets
- point
- intersection/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="d62c5fe4c20fef751a9d71b2908f67d4" target="_blank" >point of intersection
- point of sight
- view/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="644915c8442678662dc9fa1fa3513f98" target="_blank" >point of view
- poisonous lake at Chrobs
- polar altitude
- Poliorcetes
- polished finish
- polished finishings
- polished stucco
- polished stucco in relief
- polishing instruments
- Polleni
- Pollis
- Polus
- Polycles and Andron of Ephesus
- Polycles of Ephesus
- Polycletus
- Polyclitus
- polygonal towers
- Polyidus
- Polyidus the Thessalian
- polyspast
- Pompeian pumice
- Pompey
- Pompey’s temple of Hercules
- Pomptine marshes
- pontic wax
- Pontus
- poplar
- Pormus
- porous rubble
- port of Peiraeus
- porters
- portico of Metellus
- Posidonius
- position of the doors
- position of the heaven
- posterity
- posts between lintels and sills
- Pothereus
- pounded tile mixed with lime
- pour chalk and bray it
- powdered marble
- power
- pozzolana
- practice
- praetors
- Praxiteles
- precinct of Juno at Argolis
- predominance of the earthy
- pregnant
- preparation of vermilion
- preparation of vermillion
- pressbeams
- presses
- pressing
- pressing room
- pretence
- Priene
- priesthoods of the Egyptian orders
- priests of the Magi
- primordial elements
- primordial substance
- principal centre
- principal rafters
- principal workshops
- principles of law
- principles of music
- principles of the art
- principles which govern machines
- prison
- private baths
- private buildings
- private houses
- private rooms
- Proconnesus
- Proetus
- projecting parts
- projecting principal rafters
- projecting wings
- projection
- projection of the stylobates
- projections of the principal rafters
- promontories
- pronaos
- proper exposure for rooms
- proper proportions of temples
- proper site for temple of Aesculapius
- proper site for temple of Bacchus
- proper sites
- properties of cube
- properties of water
- proportion
- proportion of air
- proportion of columns of temples
- proportionate dimensions
- proportions
- proportions of atrium
- proportions of body
- proportions of circular temples
- proportions of colonnades
- proportions of columns
- proportions of columns and intercolumniations
- proportions of columns in araeostyle temples
- proportions of columns in diastyle temples
- proportions of columns in eustyle temples
- proportions of columns in pyncostyle temples
- proportions of columns in systyle temples
- proportions of Corinthian order
- proportions of dining rooms
- proportions of doorways
- proportions of doorways of temples
- proportions of Doric columns
- proportions of Doric order
- proportions of Doric structures
- proportions of Ionic order
- proportions of jambs
- proportions of peristyle
- proportions of public buildings
- proportions of rooms
- proportions of tablinum
- proportions of temples
- proportions of the Corinthian order
- proportions of the Ionic order
- proportions of the principal rooms
- propriety
- proscaenium
- proscaenium of Greek theatre
- Proserpine temple of Corinthian order
- proslambanomenon
- proslambanomenos
- prostas
- prostyle
- Prothyra
- prothyron
- prothyrum
- Protropum
- protropum wine
- provinces
- prow
- proximity
- pseudisodomum
- pseudodipteral
- pseudodipteral temple
- pseudoperipteral
- pseudo-peripteral temple
- pseudoperipteral temples
- pteroma
- Ptolemy
- public buildings
- public contests
- public contractors
- public lecture
- public order
- public place
- public places
- public speakers
- public treasury
- public work
- Publius Minidius
- Publius Septimius
- puddled with the mortar
- pumice-stone clay
- Pump of Ctesibius
- purity
- purlines
- purple
- purple colours
- purple dye
- puzzuoli
- pycnostyle
- pycnostyle temples
- pycnostyles
- pyramid
- pyramidal-roof/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="0e86104f788d79743544ea55a5742f7d" target="_blank" >pyramidal roof
- Pyrrus
- Pythagoras
- Pythagoras of Samos
- Pytheos
- Pythian games
- qualities of fir
- quality
- quarries of Amiternum
- quarries of Campania
- quarries of Ferento
- quarries of Fidenae
- quarries of Grotta Rosa
- quarries of hard asphalt
- quarries of Lake of Bolsena
- quarries of Palla
- quarries of Picenum
- quarries of Tarquinii
- quarries of Tivoli
- quarries of Umbria
- quarries of Venetia
- quarters of the sky
- quarters of the winds
- quicklime mixed with oil
- quicksilver
- Quiver
- race course
- rack
- rafters
- rain
- rain water
- rainwater
- raising water
- Ram
- rammed
- rammed down
- rampart
- rampart form of defense
- ram-tortoise
- range of niches
- Raven
- Ravena
- Ravenna
- rawhide
- ray of the sun in summer
- ray of the sun in winter
- realistic pictures of real things
- reality
- rear porticoes
- reason
- rechamus
- rectilinear axis
- red and black tufas
- red clay
- red dimension stone
- red dust
- red earths
- red tufa
- red-hot iron bolts
- redoubt
- reduction
- reduction of columns
- reeds
- reeds in the place of columns
- reflectors
- reflexion
- refraction explained
- regal style
- regularly laid in courses
- regulator
- relacing roof timbers
- religion
- rendering-coat/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="826ae53e2024be2eb5d28e1afe712fe4" target="_blank" >rendering coat
- rendering coat of mortar mixed with burnt brick
- rennet
- repair
- replacing rafters
- replacing tiles
- reservoir
- resin
- resin of larch
- resonant
- resonant sounds
- retaining walls
- reticulatum opus
- retrogression of planets
- revolution of a circle
- revolving drum
- revolving platforms
- rewards
- rhetorician
- rhetoricians
- rhine
- Rhodes
- Rhodian
- Rhodian architect
- Rhodian peristyle
- Rhodians
- rhomboidal design
- Rhone
- ridgepole
- right
- right angles
- right proportion of heat
- triangle/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="ba5ea08f0d7b46183f60088a846e8752" target="_blank" >right triangle of pythagors
- rings
- rising
- rising sun
- risings
- River
- river beds
- River Hypanis in Pontus
- river or sea-sand
- river sand
- rivers
- rivers rise in the north
- rocks
- rod
- rollers
- Roman
- Roman Campagna
- Roman house plan
- Roman people
- Roman theatre
- Rome
- roof of the colonnade
- roof-beam
- roof-opening
- roofs
- roofs of circular temples
- roofs of mud
- roofs of timber and tiles
- roofs of Tuscan temples
- roofs sloping and projecting
- roofs without tiles
- roof-tiles
- room with oil press
- room with two wine presses
- rooms
- rooms for grain
- rooms shared in common with outsiders
- rooms should be suited to station of the owner
- rot
- rotundas with round roofs
- round axle
- round building at Delphi
- round towers
- rows of reeds
- door/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="3f8f6f6cdac53b8913c19f7c582faeb0" target="_blank" >royal door
- royal palace
- royal residence
- rubbed down
- rubble
- ruin
- rule
- rule and level
- rule for the capitals
- rules for making ballistae
- rules for making Scorpiones
- rules for symmetry
- rules of construction
- rules of symmetry
- running water
- running-tracks
- sacrifice
- safety in time of war
- sag in the middle
- Sagittarius
- salient-angles/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="5beab73383a3f7098d2ce0a85c730b5b" target="_blank" >salient angles
- Salpia in Apulia
- salt
- salt pits
- salt springs
- saltworks
- Sambuca
- Samos
- sand
- sand ballast
- sand mortar
- sandarach
- sandarach made from white lead
- sandpits
- sandy clay
- sap
- sapwood
- Sardis
- Sarnacus
- Saturn
- satyric style
- Satyrus
- saw
- Sawdust
- saw-shaped constructions
- scaena
- scaena of theatre
- scaena of theatre at Tralles
- scaffolding
- scale
- scaling machine
- scamilli-impares/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="f6d38b8a9a48493c27ce6ddf4b021bef" target="_blank" >scamilli impares
- scamillus
- scamnum
- Scaphe
- scheme
- scheme of hours
- scheme of theatre
- scholars
- scholarship
- school-of-the-pythagoreans/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="f6066b1f6c980de20f45d0b26bb65e40" target="_blank" >school of the Pythagoreans
- scientific principles
- Scopas
- scope of the art
- Scopinas
- Scopinas of Syracuse
- Scorpio
- Scorpion
- scorpiones
- scorpions
- scotia
- screws
- sculptors of antiquity
- scutula
- scutula of ballistae
- sea
- sea beach
- sea swells
- seaports
- sea-sand
- seashores
- seaweed
- section
- sections
- security
- selecting healthy sites
- self-preservation
- Selinusian
- Selinusian chalk
- semicircles
- semicircular form sundial
- semi-cylinders
- Semiramis
- semitone
- senate house
- sense of propriety
- Septentrio
- Septentriones
- Septimius
- Serapis
- Serpent
- Serpent-holder
- serpents
- Sesterce
- set a valuation
- set level with the ground
- set upright
- settlement
- settling
- Seven Sages
- seven-wonders-of-the-world/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="5c1ae997fa7971c81025ceb0e752d26f" target="_blank" >Seven Wonders of the World
- shadow
- shape
- sheaves
- She-Bears
- She-Goat
- shepherds
- shining oil
- ship
- ships
- ships of war
- shipworms
- shipwreck of Aristippus
- shipyards
- shoemaker
- shops
- shoring
- showy apartments
- shutoffs
- shutting out the winds from our dwellings
- Sicily
- sideposts
- sides of public roads
- siege machines
- siege of Apollonia
- siege of Chios
- siege of Marseilles
- siege of Rhodes
- siege works
- sieges
- sift powdered marble
- signinum work
- signs of the zodiac
- Silanion
- Silenus
- silk cord
- silver
- silver mirror
- sima
- simae
- single stones
- single teeth
- sink foundations
- Sinope
- Sinope in Pontus
- site
- site for temple of Juno
- site for temple of Jupiter
- site of Rome determined by divine intelligence
- site of temple of Appolo
- site of temple of Ceres
- site of temple of Hercules
- site of temple of Isis
- site of temple of Mars
- site of temple of Mercury
- site of temple of Minerva
- site of temple of Serapis
- site of temple of Venus
- site of temple of Vulcan
- site of theatre
- sites of public buildings
- sites of temples
- six
- sixteen
- size
- size of metopes
- size of the farm
- size of triglyphs
- sketches
- skilled workman
- skilled workmen
- skillful
- slaked lime
- slaking
- slaking of lime
- slender marsh reeds
- slender rushes
- sliders
- sloping piles
- small furnace
- small piping
- small round stones
- small temple
- small theatre
- smallest stones
- smeared
- smoke from the fire
- smooth polish
- Smyrna
- snail shell
- Snake
- Snakes
- soaked in vinegar
- soaked with pitch
- social obligations
- society
- socket-piece
- socket-pieces
- Socrates
- soffits
- soft
- soft stone
- soft wax
- soil
- sol
- Solanus
- Soli
- solid and unbroken mass
- solid bearing
- solid bottom
- solid ground
- solid mass
- solid materials
- solid structure
- solidity
- solstice
- soot from the lamps
- sounding vessels in the theatre
- sounding vessels in theatre
- sources of rivers
- south
- southern constellations
- southern exposure
- southern exposures
- Southern Fish
- space between the beams
- spacious atriums
- spacious peristyles
- Spain
- span
- Sparta
- spelt
- Spica
- spiral channels
- spoils
- sponge-stone
- spring
- spring at Clitor
- spring at Susa
- spring at Terracina
- spring of Neptune
- spring of Salmacis
- spring water
- springing up naturally
- springs of water
- squalls
- square
- square beam
- square block
- square oeci
- square peristyle
- square towers
- squared timbers
- squares
- Stabian Baths at Pompeii
- stable
- stables
- stages
- stagnant marshes
- stairway
- stairways
- stalls
- standard
- standard of symmetry
- staple
- stars
- Statonia
- statue of Diana
- statues of Persians supporting entablature
- stature
- steelyards
- steps
- steps arranged in an odd number
- steps of temples
- stereobates
- sticks of timber
- stiffness
- stoa poecile
- stokehole
- stone
- stone columns
- stone quarries at Ferento
- stone quarries at Grotta Rossa
- stone quarries of Amiternum
- stone quarries of Soracte
- stone quarries of Tivoli
- stone-quarries
- stopcock
- storehouses
- store-rooms/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="b470c869de662e3f2222f49acb8e3a98" target="_blank" >store-rooms
- storm the wall
- storming bridges
- stout cord
- straight
- straight line
- straightedge
- straits
- Stratoniceum
- Stratoniceum at Smyrna
- straw
- streets
- strength
- strike their blow
- stringers
- stringing and tuning of catapults
- strings of twisted sinew
- strips of iron
- stucco
- stucco coating
- stucco covering
- stucco in damp places
- stucco work
- stucco-workers
- studded
- study
- study of medicine
- style of house
- style of house determined by climate
- stylobate
- stylobates
- sub-plinths
- substance
- substitute for indigo
- substitutes for purple
- substructure
- substructures of houses
- subterranean channels
- Subvesperus
- suitable to use
- sulphur
- sulphur springs
- summer
- summer apartments
- summer dining room
- summer dining rooms
- sumptuousness
- sun
- sun’s course
- sun’s course through zodiac
- sundial
- sundials
- Sunium
- sunlight
- sunrise
- Supernas
- supplies of material
- supply
- surface of the platform
- Surname
- Susa
- Swain
- swamp rushes
- sweating baths
- sweating-baths
- sword
- Syene
- symmetrical measurements
- symmetrical proportions
- symmetrical relations
- symmetry
- symmetry in temples
- symmetry in the human body
- symmetry of public buildings
- symmetry of temples
- Syracuse
- Syria
- systyle
- systyle temples
- table
- tablina
- tablinum
- taking the level
- tall piles
- Tardieu and Coussin
- Tarentum
- Tarquinii
- Tarsus
- Tarsus in Magnesia
- Taurus
- teachable nature
- Teano
- Teanoacid springs of Tarsus
- teeth at regular intervals
- telamones
- Teleas of Athens
- temperate climate
- temperature
- tempered
- tempering of iron
- temple
- temple at Ephesus
- antis-2/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="1dbcc534eb75b925f1645a33c7d802c8" target="_blank" >temple in antis
- temple of Aesculapius
- temple of Aesculapius at Tralles
- temple of Apollo
- temple of Apollo at Alabanda
- temple of Apollo near Miletus
- temple of Appolo at Alabanda
- temple of Appolo at Miletus
- temple of Appolo at Rome
- temple of Bacchus
- temple of Bacchus at Teos
- temple of Castor
- temple of Ceres
- temple of Diana
- temple of Diana at Ephesus
- temple of Diana at Magnesia
- temple of Diana at Rome
- temple of Diana by Hermogenes
- temple of Equestrian Fortune
- temple of Father Bacchus at Teos
- temple of Faunus
- temple of Flora
- temple of Hercules
- temple of Honour and Valour
- temple of Ionic order
- temple of Isis
- temple of Juno
- temple of Jupiter
- temple of Jupiter Stator Hermodorus
- temple of Mars
- temple of Mercury
- temple of Minerva
- temple of Minerva at Athens
- temple of Minerva at Priene
- temple of Minerva at Sunium
- temple of Nymphs
- temple of Olympian Jove
- temple of Pallas at Sunium
- temple of Proserpine
- temple of Quirinus
- temple of Serapis
- temple of Teos
- temple of the Olympion
- temple of Three Fortunes
- temple of Vejovis
- temple of Venus
- temple of Vulcan
- temple on Capitol
- temple walls
- temple with a podium
- temples
- temples of doorways
- temples of Ionic order
- temples of the immortal gods
- temples on Nile should face the river
- ten bronze pieces
- ten stories
- tenon and socket
- tenons
- tepid baths
- tepid room
- tepid springs
- tepidarium
- Terentius Varro
- Terentius Varrom
- Terracina
- Terracina and Fondi
- test of brick
- testing weights
- tests of good water
- testudinate-cavaedium/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="ff901f264132c4fd0d4ad7b8c32f7742" target="_blank" >testudinate cavaedium
- tetrachord
- tetrachords
- tetrads
- tetrastyle
- tetrastyle atrium
- tetrastyle cavaedium
- tetrastyle oeci
- thalamos
- Thales
- Thales of Miletus
- Thasos
- significance/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="a51a5e86b8b5e1dbb6ba51bdb0678633" target="_blank" >that which gives it its significance
- thatched
- thatched roofs of temples
- the child of practice and theory
- the clod
- The Crown
- the method of old times
- The River
- the rule for the architraves
- the thing signified
- theatre
- theatres
- Thebes in Egypt
- theme
- Themistocles
- Theo of Magnesia
- Theocydes
- Theodorus
- Theodorus the Phocian
- Theodosius
- Theodosius and Andreas
- Theodotus
- Theophrastus
- theory
- theory of sundials
- theory of the heavens
- thermae
- Thessaly
- thickness of columns
- thickness of the columns
- thickness of the shafts
- thickness of the substructure
- thickness of the wall
- thickness of the windlass
- thickness of their walls
- thin twigs
- tholes
- Thrace
- Thracias
- three classes of public buildings
- Three Fortunes
- three kinds of bricks
- three kinds of scenes
- three methods of conducting water
- three quarters
- threshing-floor
- thrust
- thunder
- Tiber
- Tibur burnt brick
- tie-beams
- ties
- Tigris
- tile work
- tiled roof
- Timaeus
- Timavo
- timber
- timber work
- timbers
- timbers of roof
- Timotheus
- tip of the square
- Tivoli
- Tmolian
- to
- tongue
- tongue of the lever
- toolroom
- toothed saw
- top of the wall
- tortoise
- tortoise of battering ram
- tortoise of the ram
- tortoises
- torus
- tower-of-the-winds/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="625322a45f16f7a28c6ccfcef4b8109b" target="_blank" >Tower of the Winds
- towers
- town
- town atriums
- traction rope
- trade of carpenters
- trading centre
- traditions
- tragic style
- training
- Tralles
- travelling carriages
- travertine
- travertine quarries
- treasury
- treatise
- treatise on Cornithian order by Arcesius
- treatises
- trees
- trench
- triads of the fifth
- triads of the fourth
- triangles
- tribunals
- Trichalca
- trigger
- triglyph-system/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="e057cc75c96b6d95b770afdd92ba4ef9" target="_blank" >triglyph system
- triglyphs
- triglyphs and mutules
- trispast
- trite diezeugmenon
- trite hyperbolaeon
- trite synhemmenon
- triumph
- Troezen
- trophy of victory
- trough
- trowel
- Troy
- true symmetry
- trumpet
- trunk
- truth
- truth of Nature
- Trypho
- tufa
- tufaits qualities
- tuning
- turkey oak
- Turkey oak
- Turkey oak and the beech
- turning lathe
- turning lathes
- turning screws
- Tuscan cavaedium
- Tuscan sea
- Tuscan stone
- Tuscan style
- Tuscan temples
- Tuscany
- twelve signs of the zodiac
- twenty stories
- twenty-four flutes
- twins
- Twins
- twisted sinew
- two asses and half of a third
- two peristyles
- two styles of walls
- two-foot tiles
- two-pound stone
- Tyana
- tympana
- tympanum
- Tyre
- Ulysses
- Umbria
- unbaked clay
- unburnt brick
- under side
- underground
- underground rooms
- underground vaults
- undermined
- understand music
- undulating images
- unequal levellers
- unflanged tile
- unhealthy districts
- unhealthy places
- union
- unison
- universe
- unloading of ships
- unsupported span
- unwholesome quarters
- upper part of the house
- upper stories
- uppermost parapet
- uprights
- use
- utilitarian purposes
- utility
- vapour
- variations in heat
- variety of form
- Varro
- vaulted-ceilings/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="d2dace19066dfbfe19a8528995fab8a0" target="_blank" >vaulted ceilings
- vaulted masonry walls
- vaulted sweating bath
- vaulting
- vaultings
- vaultings and stucco work
- vegetables
- Vejovis
- Venetia
- venter
- venters
- ventholes
- vents to the open air
- Venus
- verdigris
- vergiliae
- vermilion
- vermilion blocks
- vernal equinox
- vertical face
- vertical flat façade
- vertical lines
- vessel
- vessel of water
- Vestorius
- Vesuvius
- Via Campana
- victory
- view of the city
- Vignola’s rule for entasis
- villa albani
- Villa Rustica at Boscoreale
- vinegar
- violent heat
- violet shade
- violets
- Virgin
- Virgo
- vision
- Vitruvius method of writing
- Vitruvius military service
- Vitruvius’ brick-bond
- vitruvius’ temple plan
- Vitruvius’s basilica at Fano
- voice
- Volturnus
- volutes
- voussoirs
- vox
- Vulcan
- wagons
- walk of two stadia
- walks
- walkshow to be constructed
- wall material
- walled town
- walls are perfectly vertical
- walls of brick are durable
- walls of burnt brick
- walls of rubble
- wanderings of Ulysses
- waning of the moon
- Warden
- warm exposure
- warm washing room
- warp and woof
- washbowl
- water
- Water
- water clocks
- water cushions
- water molding/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="6b31036eaa663e0ae97ec9fa5bd0e568" target="_blank" >mold/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="67e8fdf9ba629c5265048c4ee599e3a7" target="_blank" >drip
- water levels
- water mills
- water nymphs
- water of the Styx
- water organ
- water organs
- water pipes
- water pressure
- water screw
- water tympanum
- water wheels
- water-drums
- Waterman
- Waterman’s head
- Waterman’s knees
- waterpot
- water-screws
- water-wheels
- waterworks
- wattle-and-daub/" class="glossaryLink" data-cmtooltip="cc3ebda5c974bbe36da1f35a83d685da" target="_blank" >wattle and daub
- wattles
- wax
- wax candle
- waxing of the moon
- weather
- weather prognostics
- wedge
- wedges
- wedges of seats
- wedging
- weight of moisture
- well lighted
- wells
- west
- west to east
- western quarter of the sky
- Whale
- whale
- wheel
- whetstone
- white and chalky clay
- white hot
- white lead
- white poplar
- white tufa
- whitewash
- wild animals
- wild willows
- will of nature
- willow
- wind
- windchest
- windlass
- windlass cup
- windlasses
- windlasses and bars
- windows
- winds
- wine
- wine of Maeonia
- wine room
- wine rooms
- winged creatures
- winging
- winter
- winter dial
- winter dining rooms
- winter oak
- winter oak boards
- winter solstice
- withe of willow
- woad
- women’s baths
- wood worm
- wooden beetles
- wooden channel
- wooden cheeks
- wooden pegs
- wooden planking
- wooden trough
- woodwork
- wool-spinners
- workmen
- works of defence
- worship of the gods
- writing ink
- writings
- written contract
- Xanthus
- xenia
- Xenia
- Xenophanes
- Xenophanes of Colophon
- Xuthus
- xysta
- xystus
- yards and masts of ships
- yellow ochre
- yokes
- yokestrap
- young men’s hall
- Zacynthus
- Zama
- Zeaspring at Zama
- Zeno
- Zodiac
- zodiac shown on dials
- Zoilus
- Ἁβατον
- Ἁκροβατικὁν
- αρπεδὁναι
- Ἁσπληνον
- Ἁτλαντες
- βαρουλκὁς
- γἁνωσις
- διἁθυρα
- Ἑκφορἁ
- Ἑλἱκη
- ἑμπλεκτον
- Ἑντασις
- θυρωρειον
- κυνὁσουρα
- λογειον
- μετὁπη
- ξυστὁς
- Ὁπαἱ
- Ὁργανον
- παραδρομἱδες
- πἱναξ
- πλειἁδες
- πνευματικὁν
- προτρυγητἡς
- χειρὁκμητα
Sources Cited
Vitruvius. Ten Books on Architecture. 15 BCE.
Key Facts
At time of upload on July 7, 2024: