function / funerary / cemetery
function / funerary / component
function / funerary / graves/burials
function / funerary / mortuary
function / funerary / tomb
function / funerary

• altar-tomb: A raised tomb, or monument covering a tomb, whose shape resembles an altar.
• ambitus: Sacred space surrounding a tomb.
• arca: Space in a vaulted chamber for sepulchral purposes, e.g. acrosolium or loculus. 2. Excavation before the basement walls of a building. 3. Mortuary-chest, shrine, pyx, or receptacle for Relics. 4. Prison or secure chamber. 5. Caisson for building bridges. 6. Roof-beam with a groove running its length.
• archa: Space in a vaulted chamber for sepulchral purposes, e.g. acrosolium or loculus. 2. Excavation before the basement walls of a building. 3. Mortuary-chest, shrine, pyx, or receptacle for Relics. 4. Prison or secure chamber. 5. Caisson for building bridges. 6. Roof-beam with a groove running its length.
• arched tomb: A tomb in which a tomb chest lies within an arched niche in a wall.
• bale: Type of tomb found in the Cotswolds, England, essentially an altar-tomb supporting a stone half-cylinder resembling a woolen bale.
• barrow: An elongated artificial mound protecting a prehistoric chamber tomb or passage grave.
• bauta: In Scandinavian archaeology, an upright stone, like a menhir, but often crowning a barrow, and sometimes 20 feet high. They are often of such late epoch that the names of persons in whose memory they seem to have been set up are engraved upon them in runes, and therefore they are hardly prehistoric monuments, but belong rather to the Viking age. It is not, however, absolutely certain that the stones themselves may not be of earlier date than their present placing, although the inscriptions are later.
• beehive tomb: A stone-built subterranean tomb of the Mycenaean civilization consisting of a circular chamber covered by a corbeled dome and entered by a walled passage through a hillside. Also called tholos.
• bisomus: A sarcophagus with two compartments.
• bone house: Also see ossuary.
• bone-house: See charnel-house, ossuary.
• bustum: In ancient Rome, a vacant space of ground on which a funeral pyre was raised and the corpse burnt; especially such an area when contained within a sepulchral enclosure and contiguous to the tomb in which the ashes were afterwards deposited.
• byo: In Japanese architecture, a mausoleum, often combined with a shrine.
• camp santo: In Italian, a sacred or consecrated field, – that is, a burial ground; used in English for those of Italy, – of which the most famous is that of Pisa, – and more rarely for a much elaborated graveyard anywhere, with cloisters or roofed galleries containing tombs or similar architectural additions…
• campo santo: Italian cemetery surrounded by arcaded cloisters or roofed galleries containing funerary monuments…
• catacomb: A chambered cellar serving as a cemetery in, particularly, ancient Rome.
• catacombs: A chambered cellar serving as a cemetery in, particularly, ancient Rome.
• catafalco: A draped and canopied stage or scaffold, usually erected in a church, on which is placed the coffin or effigy of a deceased person.
• catafalque: A draped and canopied stage or scaffold, usually erected in a church, on which is placed the coffin or effigy of a deceased person.
• cataracta: Also see cataractes.
• cataractes: Also see cataractes.
• cemetery beacon: A lighthouse, placed in graveyards on the European continent in the 12th and 13th century, with an altar.
• cemetery: A burial ground; in Christian times usually attached to a church.
• century-garth: A burying ground or cemetery.
• chamber grave: A megalithic tomb of the Neolithic and early Bronze Ages found in the British Isles and Europe, consisting of a roofed burial chamber and narrow entrance passage, covered by a tumulus: believed to have been used for successive family or clan burials spanning a number of generations. Also called chamber grave.
• chamber tomb: Also see chamber tomb.
• chandi: A Hindu sepulchral monument in Java, comprising a cella-like temple and pyramidal superstructure above a square base containing an urn with ashes.
• ch’in tien: In an ancient Chinese royal cemetery, a ceremonial palace in which an emperor’s coffin was placed.
• cinerarium: A recess for the permanent container of the ashes of cremation.
• cinerary urn: Properly, a receptacle for the ashes of a corpse which has been incinerated. The term is connected with the Latin verb meaning to burn to ashes; and is connected either with the original use of vessels of burnt or baked clay for the purpose, or by the allusion to the burning of the bodies of the dead…
• cinerator: A furnace in a crematory.
• cist: Also see cistvaen.
• cistvaen: A Celtic sepulchral tomb or chamber formed by placing huge flat stone slabs on end, set together like a box; if set below ground, it is covered by a tumulus.
• coemeterium: A burying ground; a cemetery.
• columbarium: One or a series of niches, intended to receive human remains. 2. A putlog hole. 3. A dovecot or one of the holes in a dovecot.
• conditivum: An underground vault or burying place in which a corpse was deposited in a coffin without being reduced to ashes, a practice prevalent among the Romans at the two extreme periods of their history, before the custom of burning had been initiated and after it had been discontinued. Also see conditorium.
• conditorium: An underground vault or burying place in which a corpse was deposited in a coffin without being reduced to ashes, a practice prevalent among the Romans at the two extreme periods of their history, before the custom of burning had been initiated and after it had been discontinued.
• confessio: The tomb of a martyr or confessor; if an altar was erected over the grave, the name was also extended to the altar and to the subterranean chamber in which it stood; in later times a basilica was sometimes erected over the chamber and the entire building was known as a confession.
• confession: The tomb of a martyr or confessor; if an altar was erected over the grave, the name was also extended to the altar and to the subterranean chamber in which it stood; in later times a basilica was sometimes erected over the chamber and the entire building was known as a confession.
• coped tomb: A tomb whose top or covering slopes downward toward both sides.
• crematorium: A building for the incineration of the human dead.
• crematory: A building for the incineration of the human dead.
• croud: Same as crowde.
• crowde: Terms for the crypt of a church.
• dagaba: In Buddhist architecture, a monumental structure containing relics of Buddha or of some Buddhist saint.
• dagoba: In Buddhist architecture, a monumental structure containing relics of Buddha or of some Buddhist saint.
• dead house: A house or room for the temporary accommodation of dead bodies; especially one provided for the public exhibition of unrecognized corpses with a view to their identification. It is thus distinguished from the charnel house, in which, in former times, bodies were kept until the flesh had dried up or decayed; and the bone house, or ossuary, to which the bones were finally removed from the charnel house.
• dead-house: Mortuary, in the sense of a building for the temporary accommodation of corpses before disposal. 2. Ossuary.
• dolmen: A prehistoric tomb of standing stones, usually capped with a large horizontal slab.
• dromos: The long, deep entrance to an ancient Egyptian tomb or a Mycenaean beehive tomb.
• Easter sepulcher: In some churches, a shallow recess in which sacred elements are placed from Maundy Thursday to Easter.
• Easter sepulchre: In some churches, a shallow recess in which sacred elements are placed from Maundy Thursday to Easter.
• garden-cemetery: Known in the USA as rural cemetery, it combined the landscaped park with the cemetery, enhancing Nature with Art (an idea promoted by Loudon), and was the precursor in America of the public park.
• Golgotha: Burial-ground or charnel-house. 2. Carved timber base of a Rood from which the figures of the Crucified Christ, St. Mary, and St. John rise, as at St. Andrew’s Church, Cullompton, Devon.
• grave monument: The structure raised upon or near a grave to mark its place, and usually to record the name, etc., of the deceased…
• grave mound: Also see barrow.
• gumbad: A mausoleum or tomb tower in Muslim Persia and India.
• Halicarnassus: Also see mausoleum.
• hearse: A framework of metal bars or rods placed over a tomb or coffin of a noble or very important person. 2. A canopy, usually of openwork or trellis, set over a bier, or more rarely over a permanent tomb, and used especially to support candles which were lighted at times of ceremony.
• heroon: Also see heroum.
• heroum: A building or sacred enclosure dedicated to a hero, usually erected over a grave.
• high tomb: Same as altar tomb.
• holy sepulchre: The sepulchre in which the body of Christ lay between his burial and resurrection. Its supposed site is marked by a church at Jerusalem.
• imam-zadeh: In Muslim Persia, a saint’s mausoleum.
• kistvaen: Also see cistvaen.
• krepidoma: Also see crepidoma.
• kurgan: A tumulus or burial mound in the southern part of Russia and Siberia.
• lanterne des morts: A graveyard lantern; a slender, tower-like structure, usually in the form of a hollow column, terminated by a pierced turret containing a light which shone through the openings; such towers (many erected in medieval times) were common in France.
• lich-stone: See lych-stone.
• ling: A group of buildings at the cemetery of a Chinese emperor.
• loculi: In a catacomb used for a burial, or columbarium, one of the recesses used when large enough to receive a dead body with or without a coffin, and when smaller to receive the cinerary urn. It was customary to close the mouth of the loculus with a slab of stone or with masonry.
• loculus: In ancient tombs, a recess for a sarcophagus or cinerary urn.
• lych: Same as lich.
• lych-stone: A stone at the entrance to a churchyard, intended to receive a bier.
• maksoorah: In a mosque, an area which is enclosed by a screen or partition and which is reserved for prayer or surrounds a tomb.
• maqbara: A Muslim tomb monument.
• martyrium: A shrine or sepulcher containing the relics of a martyr.
• mastabah: From Arabic mastabah, “bench.” Term used to identify ancient Egyptian tombs with flat tops and battered sides, built over subterranean burial chambers.
• mausoleum: A memorial structure in connection with a tomb.
• morgue: A room or building for the temporary reception of corpses.
• mortuary: Building where corpses are temporarily accommodated, for identification, or autopsies. 2. Burial-place or sepulchre. 3. Dead-house…
• mu: In Chinese architecture, a tomb.
• necropolis: A city of the dead; a large cemetery in ancient Egypt, Greece, Phoenicia, Carthage, etc. 2. An ancient or historic burial place.
• ossarium: A storage place for the bones of the dead; either a structure of a vault lined with such bones ornamentally arranged.
• ossuary: A place for the deposit and preservation of the bones of the dead; especially a building for the safe keeping of bones after the desiccation of the flesh, or of such as are found in excavating new graves in a cemetery.
• passage grave: A megalithic tomb of the Neolithic and early Bronze Ages found in the British Isles and Europe, consisting of a roofed burial chamber and narrow entrance passage, covered by a tumulus: believed to have been used for successive family or clan burials spanning a number of generations. Also called chamber grave.
• passage-grave: Neolithic tomb-chamber, often covered with a corbelled roof, with subsidiary chambers on three sides, entered through a long passage lined and roofed with stone slabs: the whole was covered by an earthen mound…
• peristalith: A series of standing stones or stone slabs which surround an object such as a burial mound or barrow.
• peristele: One of the upright stones in a peristalith.
• rauza: In Mogul architecture, a mausoleum.
• rock tomb: A tomb excavated from the solid rock, as found in Egypt and elsewhere.
• rock-cut tomb: A tomb hewn out of native rock, presenting only an architectural front with dark interior chambers, of which the sections are supported by masses of stone left in the form of solid pillars.
• sarcophagi: A stone coffin. The term having been originally a Latin adjective, “flesh devouring,” and applied to a certain stone from Asia Minor. It was applied substantively in later Latin to any tomb or coffin. The use of sarcophagi was common in Egypt from the time of the builder of the great pyramid. Greeks and Romans seem not to have used them often before the time of Trajan…
• sarcophagus: A stone tomb of coffin size or larger.
• sepulcher: A tomb. 2. A receptacle for relics, especially in a Christian altar. 3. A shallow arched niche in the chancel to hold the elements of the Eucharist between their consecration on Maundy Thursday and the Easter High Mass.
• sepulchral: Of, or pertaining to, a tomb.
• sepulchre: A tomb. 2. A receptacle for relics, especially in a Christian altar. 3. A shallow arched niche in the chancel to hold the elements of the Eucharist between their consecration on Maundy Thursday and the Easter High Mass.
• shaft grave: A tomb of the Aegean civilizations consisting of a deep rectangular cut into sloping rock and a roof of timber or stone.
• shaft tomb: A tomb consisting of a vertical shaft leading to one or more underground chambers; especially found in Colombia, Ecuador, western Mexico, Panama, and Peru; dating from the early Christian era, the most spectacular such tomb has been found in Jalisco, Mexico, 52 feet deep, with three chambers radiating from a central core.
• shroude: Also see crowde.
• syrinx: In ancient Egypt, a narrow and deep rock-cut channel or tunnel forming a characteristic feature of Egyptian tombs of the New Empire.
• table tomb: A table-like tomb.
• tablet tomb: In the Roman catacombs, a rectangular recess in a gallery, parallel with the passageway, containing a burial chest of stone or masonry with a flat cover.
• taphos: A barrow or mound of earth or stones, as an ancient Greek tomb or memorial.
• tarkibeh: Also see gravestone.
• tholos tomb: See beehive tomb.
• tholos: A stone-built subterranean tomb of the Mycenaean civilization consisting of a circular chamber covered by a corbeled dome and entered by a walled passage through a hillside.
• throughstane: Flat grave-stone or slab, also called thruch. 2. Table-tomb.
• tjandi: A Hindu sepulchral monument, prevalent in Java from the 8th to 14th century A.D., consisting of a square base, a cella-like temple, and a prominent pyramidal roof structure; a small room in the base contained the urn with the ashes of the prince in whose memory the structure was erected.
• tomb chest: A stone coffin-like box.
• tomb: A structural resting place for the dead.
• tombstone light: A small window with lights in the shape of an arched tombstone; usually in the transom above a doorway.
• tombstone: A stone or slab placed over a grave to preserve the memory of the deceased; a sepulchral monument.
• tumulus: A mound of earth or stone protecting a tomb chamber or simple grave; a barrow.
• turba: Islamic mausoleum.
• urn: A container of wood, metal, pottery, stone, or other material, with no handles, typically used to hold ashes or as a funerary monument.
• ustrinum: In ancient Rome, the place where a corpse was burned, if the ashes were to be deposited in a different location. Also see bustum.
• woodland cemetery: Early-20th c. development of the landscape-garden.. Later exemplars include ‘natural’ burial-places in woodlands, where memorials are discouraged or forbidden, and ecological aspects are paramount.
• ziarat: The tomb of a saint in Muslim India.