• aquarium: A container or building for the display of fish in water.
• band shell: A bandstand supplies with a sounding board of shell shape.
• band-stand: Platform or open-sided pavilion, often polygonal, where a band of musicians can play in a public park.
• bowling-alley: Alley or long, narrow track along which bowls are rolled or skittles played. Some 18th c. examples survive as decorative level lawns with borders. 2. Building for the same purpose.
• ninepin alley: Also see bowling alley.
• tenpin alley: See bowling alley.
• circus: In ancient Rome, a large, open-top enclosure in which sport contests were held before an audience seated in tiers, these tiers being rounded at one end.
• rostrum: A platform, elevated area, pulpit, or the like for addressing an audience.
• bauta: In Scandinavian archaeology, an upright stone, like a menhir, but often crowning a barrow, and sometimes 20 feet high. They are often of such late epoch that the names of persons in whose memory they seem to have been set up are engraved upon them in runes, and therefore they are hardly prehistoric monuments, but belong rather to the Viking age. It is not, however, absolutely certain that the stones themselves may not be of earlier date than their present placing, although the inscriptions are later.
• feyra: A druidical spherical rock placed at the center of a Celtic monument consisting of a number of menhirs arranged in a circle.
• hypermensul: A “sun-stone” placed at the center of a Celtic monument consisting of a number of menhirs arranged in a circle.
• maenhir: Also see menhir.
• mensao: Also see menhir.
• cairn: A memorial heap of stones.
• carn: A heap of stones piled up as a monument, tombstone, or landmark.
• cenotaph: A monument to the memory of a person buried elsewhere.
• choragic: Pertaining to the leader (choragus) of a Greek chorus, so a choragic monument was one created in honor of a choragus, and supported a bronze tripod given as a prize.
• choragic monument: In ancient Greece, a commemorative structure, erected by the successful leader in the competitive choral dances in a Dionysiac festival, upon which was displayed the bronze tripod received as a prize; such monument sometimes were further ornamented by renowned artists.
• cromlech: A monument of prehistoric or uncertain date consisting of an enclosure formed by huge stones planted in the ground in a circle. 2. A dolmen.
• hua piao: A monumental stone pylon at the entrance of a Chinese palace; a symbol of welcome.
• mastaba: The battered (sloping-walled) tomb buildings of early Egyptian nobles subordinate to the pyramids that they surrounded.
• memorial slab: A monument of a very simple kind, consisting of a slab of granite, marble, or the like, usually set against or built into a wall, and bearing an inscription, or, as is frequently the case, carrying a secondary slab or thin plate of metal upon which the inscription is engraved. Such slabs, costing but little and occupying but little space, are in modern times the most common memorials other than those erected immediately over graves.
• menhir: A prehistoric monument consisting of a single large standing stone, sometimes rudely sculptured.
• monument: A permanent natural or artificial object marking the corners and boundaries of real property or establishing the location of a triangulation or other important survey station. 2. A stone, pillar, megalith, structure, building, or the like, erected in memory of the dead, an event, or an action.
• pillar of victory: A pillar-like structure devoted to the commemoration of a victory, the term being sometimes extended to buildings like eastern pagodas, which are hardly pillars in any strict sense…
• processional way: A monumental roadway for ritual processions in ancient cities, e.g. Babylon.
• prow: Essential embellishment of the columna rostrata, consisting of three sets of prows (rostra) and rams of Antique warships projecting on either side of the column. Rostra are also found as sculpture on keystones or buildings associated with commerce or trade.
• stela: An upright stone slab or pillar with a carved or inscribed surface, used as a monument or marker, or as a commemorative tablet in the face of a building.
• triumphal: Having to do with triumph, victory, or remarkable achievement. The term is applied loosely to many monuments of the past, merely because of their size and grandeur.
• exhibition building: In a special sense, a building erected for a temporary exhibition of considerable importance…
• glyptothek: A building for the exhibition of sculpture; the term being introduced as the name of the building erected by the care of Ludwig I of Bavaria, 1825-1848, while still crown prince. The immediate purpose was to provide a home for the sculptures brought from the Temple of Aegina.
• museum: A building for the preservation and public inspection of rare and instructive objects.
• pinakothek: A building for the exhibition of paintings, the term having been put to use in Munich to denote the two important picture galleries know, respectively, as the New and the Old Pinakothek.
• ku lou: In traditional Chinese architecture, a drum house; a structure that houses a large drum, either a pavilion or a tower located at the left side of an entrance court of temples and shrines, or at the left side of a city gate or palace entrance.
• aguglia: Also see guglia.
• arenarium: Also see arenaria.
• catadrome: An ancient racecourse of any type; for chariots, for horses, or for men.
• coliseum: Also see colosseum.
• colosseum: Also see coliseum.
• ephebeion: Greek term for a building for exercise and wrestling.
• fives court: A building prepared for the game of fives, in which the balls are struck by the palm of the hand, usually protected by a glove… That which is really requisite for the play is a solid wall with slightly projecting wings, like buttresses, and usually a piece of netting at the top to prevent the balls from flying over the top of the wall…
• grand stand: Sheltered seating for the spectators of racing games, and the like.
• grandstand: Sheltered seating for the spectators of racing games, and the like.
• hippodrome: The Greek term for a racecourse for horses and chariots; much wider than the Roman circus in which only four chariots ran at a time; the Greeks raced as many as ten or more.
• hummum: Also see hammam.
• meta: In a racetrack, a column or monument to mark a turn.
• metae: In a racetrack, a column or monument to mark a turn.
• plunge: A small swimming pool.
• pool: A swimming pool; a garden pool.
• rink: An enclosed space with a floor adapted to ice skating or roller skating.
• sphaeristerium: In ancient Rome, an enclosed place or structure for ball playing, usually attached to a gymnasium or a set of baths.
• stadia: A circular, oval, or round-ended sports amphitheater. 2. A method of surveying in which distances are read by noting the interval on a graduated rod intercepted by two horizontal cross hairs mounted in the telescope of a surveying instrument.
• stadium: A circular, oval, or round-ended sports amphitheater.
• swimming pool: An artificial pool for recreational swimming.
• tilt yard: A place reserved for the joust and the tournament, and in later times for riding at the ring, and similar exercises…
• tlatchtli: In ceremonial centers in Mesoamerica, an I-shaped ritual ball court.
• velodrome: A roofed or open banked racetrack, as for bicycles.
• zoo: Open-air enclosed area for keeping, displaying, studying, and breeding animals. The type is ancient, for animals were kept in gardens in Ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and China for purposes of providing game for hunting, food, and impressing visitors. Menageries to show off species discovered in explorations were developed from Renaissance times, but the animals were caged rather than allowed the freedom of open-air habitats, and in the 18th c. royal menageries were opened to the public… In the 20th c., with concerns about conservation and improved knowledge about animals’ welfare, natural habitats were created, so the modern zoo promotes horticulture to provide them.
• brunnenhaus: In Germany, a building erected over a natural spring; especially one resorted to as curative. Such a building, considered as a place of resort, is often treated in a decorative fashion.

Also see Architecture index.