Contents
- Introduction
- Antiquity: Egypt, The Aegean
- Greece: The Acropolis of Athens
- Rome: The Pantheon, Development and Transition
- Romanesque: The Moorish Style in Spain
- Gothic
- The Renaissance
- Baroque and Rococo
- Neoclassicism
- Art Nouveau
- Neue Sachlichkeit
- The Present Day
- Non-European Civilizations: Africa, Jericho, Mesopotamia, Iran, India, Southeast Asia, China, Japan, Mesa Verde, Mexico, Peru
- The Main Features That Distinguish Styles
- Glossary
- Picture Sources
The Main Features That Distinguish Styles
Columns and Entablatures
- Cretan
- Doric
- Ionic
- Corinthian
- Egyptian Capitals, geometrical (proto-Doric) and with plant motifs
- cube capital (Iberian), Jaen, Southern Spain
- scroll capital from an Etruscan tomb, Caere (Cerveteri)
- scroll capital, Megiddo, Syria
Capitals
The austerity of the ancient orders of columns gave way in late Roman times to a greater freedom, albeit void of imagination, and was then lost altogether for centuries. During the early Christian era, capitals from old ruined palaces were used for churches. The Middle Ages then saw a remarkable creative flowering of the art of the capital, which began to lapse only with the advent of the Gothic style.
- Roman, composite capital
- Roman, from the Capitoline temple
- Tuscan, temple column, Vulci
- Byzantine, from Hagia Sophia
- Byzantine, from Ravenna
- Frankish, Folda, c. 820
- Proto-Romanesque, cushion capital
- Romanesque, Wimpfen, c. 1200
- Romanesque, Quedlinburg
- Romanesque, Eschau, near Strasbourg
- Moorish, Alhambra, Granada
- Gothic, foliate capitals, with acanthus foliage
- Renaissance
- Baroque, capitals based on Hellenistic styles
Pillars and Pilasters
Doorways
- Egyptian
- Mycenaean
- Greek
- Roman
- Carolingian
- Romanesque
- Moorish
- Gothic
- Renaissance
- Baroque
- Rococo
- Neoclassical
Windows
Pediments and Gables
Gables and Facades
Facades
Towers
Theaters
Ground Plans of Churches
Ground Plans of Houses
Glossary
- abacus
- acanthus leaf
- adobe
- aedicola
- aesculapius
- aisle
- altana
- alternation of pillars
- ambon
- amphiprostyle
- anta
- antefix
- apse
- aqueduct
- arabesque
- arcade
- arch
- archaic
- architrave
- archivolt
- Art Noveau
- atlantes
- atlas
- atrium
- attic
- Auricular style
- avantcorps
- azulejo
- baldacchino
- baluster
- baptistery
- Baroque
- base
- basilica
- baths
- bema
- Biedermeier
- bracket
- bucrane
- bucranium
- buttress
- Byzantine art
- canon
- capital
- Carolingian art
- cartouche
- caryatid
- catacomb
- cathedral
- cavalier
- cella
- cement
- cenotaph
- centralized plan
- Chinoiserie
- Chippendale
- cist tomb
- cloister
- collarino
- Colonial style
- colonnade
- colonnette
- columbarium
- column
- concrete
- confession
- Coptic style
- corbel
- Corinthian order
- cornice
- cosmati
- maestri
- cross
- cross vault
- crossing
- crown
- crypt
- cupola
- curtain wall
- Cyclopean masonry
- Decorated style
- dentil
- Desoramentado
- Deutsches Band
- dipteral temple
- Directoire
- Doric order
- dosseret
- duomo
- Early English
- echinus
- eclecticism
- egg and dart
- Elgin marbles
- Elizabethan
- emblem
- Empire
- encrustation
- English garden
- entasis
- epistyle
- exedra
- extrados
- eye
- faïence
- false dome
- Flamboyant
- fluting
- flying buttress
- foil
- foliage
- carved foliage
- forum
- fresco
- frieze
- front steps
- gable
- gallery
- geison
- Geometrical style
- Germanism
- giant order
- gloriette
- golden section
- Gothic
- Gothick
- graffito
- groin vault
- guild
- guilloche
- half-timbering
- hall
- hall church
- Hallenkirche
- Hellenism
- herm
- reform of Hirsau
- historicism
- house urns
- Hugenottenmanier
- hypaethral temple
- illusionistic effects
- impluvium
- impost
- inlay
- intercolumn
- intrados
- Ionic order
- Jerusalem cross
- Jesuit style
- Jugendstil
- keystone
- kiosk
- knorpelwerk
- knollenwerk
- knotted column
- kubba
- kymation
- lambris
- lantern
- loggia
- lotus pier
- Louis Quatorze
- Louis Quinze
- Louis Seize
- lunette
- madrasa
- majolica
- mandorla
- Mannerism
- marble
- mausoleum
- meander
- medallion
- megaron
- menhir
- metope
- mezzanino
- mihrab
- mimbar
- minaret
- Minoan civilization
- module
- Modulor
- monastery
- monopteron
- Moorish
- mosaic
- mosque
- moulding
- Mozarabic art
- Mudéjar
- Mycenaean civilization
- narthex
- nave
- neck
- Neo-Baroque
- Neoclassicism
- Neo-Gothic
- nuragh
- nymphaeum
- obelisk
- oculus
- onion dome
- oratory
- Ottonian art
- palmette
- papyrus column
- parler
- patio
- pavilion
- pediment
- Pelasgic masonry
- pendentive
- pergola
- peripteral temple
- peristyle
- Perpendicular
- pilaster
- pillar
- pinakothek
- pithos
- plinth
- pluteus
- polygonal masonry
- polystyle pillar
- portico
- presbytery
- projection
- pronaos
- propylaeum
- prostyle
- pulpit
- pulvin
- Rayonnant
- refectory
- Régence
- relief
- Renaissance
- Rocaille
- Rococo
- Romanesque
- Romanticism
- rood screen
- roof
- shapes of roof
- rose window
- rosette
- rotonda
- ruins
- Russian architecture
- rustication
- sacristy
- sanctuary
- sarcophagus
- scrollwork
- shaft
- sima
- socle
- spherical dome
- spheroidal dome
- spire
- splay
- splayed jamb
- springer
- spur
- squinch
- stalactite
- stavkirke
- stele
- stoa
- stonemasons’s monogram
- stonemasonry
- stucco
- stucco lustro
- stucco marmorizzato
- stylization
- stylobate
- swag
- synagogue
- tablinum
- telamon
- temple “in antis”
- tholos
- tore
- torus
- tower
- tracery
- tracery window
- transept
- tribune
- triforium
- triglyph
- trunnion
- tympanum
- vault
- view
- volute
- wedge motif
- westwerk
- wooden architecture
Source Citation
Pothorn, Herbert. Architectural Styles: An Historical Guide to World Design. New York, NY: Facts on File Publications. 1979
Key Facts
At time of upload on January 31, 2021:
301 total terms in source
245 duplicative terms of those already existing in the Architectural Dictionary
56 original terms
18.6% original terms in source
84 sources in dictionary
15,274 unique terms in dictionary
81,911 total terms all sources in dictionary
